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Butane is a colorless, flammable hydrocarbon gas that is commonly used as a fuel and as a feedstock in the production of various chemicals. It is part of the alkane family and consists of four carbon atoms and ten hydrogen atoms, with the chemical formula C4H10. Butane can be found in two isomeric forms: n-butane and isobutane, each with distinct properties and applications.
| Chemical formula | C4H10 |
| Molecular weight | 58.12 g/mol |
| Boiling point | -0.5 °C |
| Melting point | -138.3 °C |
| Density | 0.573 g/cm³ at 20 °C |
| Purity | Typically 95% or higher |
When purchasing butane, consider the required purity level, as higher purity is essential for specific applications such as chemical synthesis or refrigeration. Buyers should also specify the desired isomer, whether n-butane or isobutane, based on their intended use. Additionally, inquire about packaging options and quantities, as butane is typically supplied in pressurized cylinders or bulk containers.
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n-Butane is a straight-chain alkane, while isobutane has a branched structure, affecting their physical properties and uses.
Butane is flammable and should be handled with care, following proper safety protocols.
Butane should be stored in a cool, well-ventilated area away from heat sources and open flames.
Yes, isobutane is commonly used as a refrigerant in some cooling systems.
Butane is used in the chemical, food, and automotive industries, among others.
Butane is typically produced through natural gas processing and petroleum refining.